churchill-shann



, 1920 4 sheets-sheet 1 ROAD VEHICLE Nov, 25, M. H. CHURCHILL-SHANNOriginal F'ilnd June 18 Nov. 25, 1924- 1,517,193

M. H. CHURCHILL-SHANN ROAD VEHICLE Original Filed Juno 18. 19201.?Shee'cs-Sheet. 2

NOV. 251

ROAD VEHICLE M. H. CHURCHILL M. H. CHURCHILL-SHANN ROAD VEHI CLEOriginal Filed June 1B4 1920 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Nov. 25, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT CFFICE.

`lvron'raorm HERBERT CHURCHILL-ennuis, or ALBURY, NEW SOUTH warns,

' AUSTRALIA.

ROAD VEHICLE.

Original application led June 18, 1920, Serial No. 389,7954

To all whom 'it may concern.'

Be :it known that I, ltloN'rAoUn Hninnnrr GiiUnci-rrLL-Si-MNN,.a subjectof the lung .ot GreatBritain, and a resident of 548 Hanal St., Albury,New South l/Vales. Austraha, have invented certain new and useviul.improvements in Road Vehicles; and I do hereby declare the following`to be a tull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such aswill enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make anduse the same, reference being had to the accompanying' drawings, and toletters or gures ot reference marked thereon, which 'form a part oitthis speciilication.

This invention relates to double belgie road vehicles, and has for itsobject the construction ot such vehicles as will permit steering` withbut little eiiort on the part of the driver, whether the bogie-s havetwo, three or more pairs of wheels. It is simply necessary that one pairoit wheels on the front bogie and one pair on the rear bog'ie be turnedby the driver, after which the whole bogie, which. ot' course is mountedto turn on a vertical axis, will follow and line up with the turnedwhe-els. I also provide aA construction which permits ot a betterdistribution ot forces and prevents tilting` movements of the bog'iefrom being transmitted to the body ot the vehicle, as will behereinafter explained.

My invention also includes the: structural parts carried by the bogie toenable steering', and this application is a division ot my applicationSerial Number 889,795. tiled June 18, 1920.

Details of construction will be hereinafter particularly pointed out andclaimed.

Referring' to the drawings, in which like parts are similarlydesignatedMH Figure 1 is a side view of a road vehicle 'litted with mysteering gear.

Fig. 2 is an end view ot the front bogie and shows the front steering onthe front wheels.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged view ot' the steering gear mounted on top oit theking' pin construction.

F ig. 4 is a. plan -view of this steeringgear.

Fig. 5 is a general plan ot the whole main 'trame bogie trames and thesteering' gear.

Fig. (i is a. four-'told diagran'i, A, li, C and D, ot'sthe bogies indi'tlerent relations,

Divided and this application filed January Serial No. 614,299.

and the relations of the wheels to the hogies.

Figs. 7, 8 and 9 show a plan, a side view and an end view oi theconnections between the frame carrying the bog'ie pin and the hogie, andhence show the connectingv link between the main ,trameand the bogieframe. i

It is, of course, to be understood that the body frame rests on two ormore bogies, and that each bogie is pivoted or tree to swing withrespect to this trame, as is customary with hogie carried vehicles. y'

The frame F of the vehicle is constructed in any desired manner, and isshown as a frame composed ot channel sections.

a designates cross channels connected by gusset plates Z) to the mainchannels. The cross channels c support .on their under tace a flat ringc which may be riveted or bolted to the channels b and to the flange otcasting 8. Said casting` 8 has a turned inner tace and is provided witha rib d. The centre pin 5 is screwed into the ribl (l and has a loclcnut5a. This pin steadies the centre mitre wheel 64.

Casting 8 is secured at its bottom to another casting 10, that supportsand carries a king-bolt 88 and is 4provided with a nnn'n ber of springsockets 11, here shown as four, in which are mounted heavy helicalsprings 12.

Casting 10 has a centre portion 18 that extends downward to near a ballon the lower end oi' the king-bolt 88, and this downward extensionpasses through a hole lll in the iiat plate of a castingr 15. Thehelical springs 12 bear on plate 15 and carry most oi the main weight. y

This casting 15 has on its lower side a concave spherical member 17 thatseats on a convex spherical member 18 provided. with a horizontal flange19. This flange 1i) seats on a casting 20. Y

Casting 2O has a flange 20b at each side secured to flat hars 56D, Figs.1 and i'. These flat bars 56') have a halt twist 56' which lit and aresecured to a cross slide 118, and this cross slide is secured in midposi# tion with rubber buti'ers or springs 48h.

The cross slide Li8 is carried by bearers 18D, 18h which are secured bybolts or rivets to the hogie 'frame 43. Hence the vflange 20 turns withthe bogie, while flange 19 docs not turn with the bogie, the iacesbetween 19 and. 20 being bearing 'faces on which the weight of thevehicle is transmitted and on which the turning oit the bogie iseffected.

The plate` 2O iis-east integral with the side flanges 20 and a centralcylinder 23 in which are mounted to slide bearing;v blocks 4l in whichthe ball 40 at the end ot the king bolt 38 seats and has universalmovement, at the same time permitting.'vertical action by reason ot theslides 4l.

The ball 4() is substantially concentric with thefspl'ierieal members l?and 18.

rlfhe vehieleliody frame, Fig. 2, is provided with pockets 59 carryingspiral springs 25) whose lower ends rest in spring seats Osecurcdto arin` El that rests and turns ony a ring;` 5l mounted on and secured tothe bogie Yframe 43.

The body lead is carried by springs l2. The load on 51, due to springs295 being; small. except when: the bogies tilt.

As the details ot a double ring carried" by springs are so well known,these details are not shown in an enlarged view.

lVithin the casting t-is a plate 34 resting on top ott castingl 10, andthis plate has-cast with it a central verticali sleeve 35 in whichismounted thevertical stub shatt 3G;

Sleeve 35 has mountedl onit a sleeve 4U cast in one piece with. aheini-cylinder (S7. There is a clearance oit about one-sixteenth ot aninch between the inner zylindrical member 67 and the inner lace of theouter cylindricalmember S. The member (57` carries a bearing'' for thestub shaft ot afthird mitre gear The castii'ig GT has a bottom plate 39concentric with sleeve 40a.

44 is a distance piece to t-ransu'iit the pressure ot the pin 5 throughmitre gear (34' onto plate 34. Roller bearings 42 take up this thrust'on plate 34, and roller bearings 45 take up this thrust between plate3E) and distance piece 44.

47 is a roller bearing that takes up the thrust from mitre gear 64 todistance piece 44, and rollervbearings 48' and 49takeupft'l'1e endthrust ot mitre gears 65 and 66.

Full details ot these roller bearings on an enlarged view are not shown,as roller thrusts are very well known.

A telescoping` Cardan shaitt 68 is connected to the stub shatt 38' ot'mitre gear tt. The knuckle Oat the other end ot this shaflt is pivotallymounted on a cross member 5l oit the bogieframe 43.

Si'iitable yokes secure this knuckle on top ot cross member 51 ot thebogie trame 43 and at the same time hold4 the transverse trame spring:l53 otl` the bogrie.

68 is a lever worked oti'ltheknuckle ioint 50, at the outer end olfwhich lever is mounted a rod i0n whose other end is connected in` theusual manner to the short lever. il ot' the steering knuckles 54 onwhich the trent steering wheels are niounted; a rod iti com l. nects`the two trent steering llnucliles` in the usual manner tocauseboth troutwheels (52 tomove together.

The rear wheelst are-siniilarly connected.

37a, Fig. 57 is a bearing secured on the bogie trame 43 and thisbearingl has a universalfjoint to rod 77. The other end ot rod 77 has auniversel joint secured to lever 77h. and lever F71 is rigidly securedtoithe bearintel 37 et', mitre wheel G6.

The turning; oit' the bogie Jframe carries round the bearing` 37,cylindrical' member 67. sleeve a and plate 39,y all ot' theseare in onepiece, and any turn ot the bogieI causes mitre gear GG to revolve onmitre gear: (54;, sun and planet movement.

rhe stub sha'tt otf the mitre-gear G5 is eoirnected by a knuckle 55 to asteeringy sha'lt (36a, and this isthe san'ie'tor both bogies.-

G6 is connected to a cl1ain;gear.@ Hgto transi'nit rotation tol a layshatt Gtb and thence to a shat't 6G at' theother end'.` .hay shatt 66'is provided witln a: worin wheel Vin operated by worm 1V, Fig'. 5,operated: by the hand wheel WW. The-shaft' ot wheelfW" is lil/Tbl and isthe saine s-l'ia'ttI that 1V is secured to. Hence the tunning: oft.handz wheel lil" operates by W the-worm andiy turns W1, thisturnslayshatt D andI this openataesthe chainr gears C H' at both ends.

By' reason ot the mitregeans the'twvosliatts 6G operating inthe-sainedirection turir the two Gardanshatts G8 ot the twovbogies in: adirection opposite tothe` rotation ot the shafts GG, so that the Cardanshafltts- 68 on the 'trent and rear bogies will; always rotate in thesamedirection, andthe `'fronti wheels oit the front bogie andthe'rearwheels'of the rear bogie will move in the saine angulardirrection. But to ensinfe'this, rods T'Ofmust' be on the same sides ot theaxles,` as-shown in Fie'. 5.

ssume that the steering' wheels o'tithe trent: boe'ie, andl 623 et' therear bqeie,v are steered trein the straight way position A to theposition B' i1rFig..6. Thenithe trent, ot the Yfront bogie turns to thelett3 as doesthe rear ot the rear bog'ie.

The front bogietranie- 413 `turns oir itslting bolt and automaticallyt'ollows the set otr the wheels 62 tending,r to make the direction oithe bogie trame parallel' to` the direetiom in which the wheels aretraveling..

Hence the setting ot the wheels G2: causes the bogrie frame 43 toturnwith respect to the body trame F, and :1s-this-bogietrame turns on itsking-holt the rod T7, connected te the bog'ie iframe, pulls the arm(Tband with it the bearing; 37 and casting ('37 around with it. thuscausingq mitre gear (S6 to rolll onthe mitre `rear t-tfwhiehremainsstatioiiary on its bearing. Mitre gear (ill-1 is held byconipanion mitre gear t.v and ($13 is locked by'the worm `:rear llt and711e Hence this planetary movement causes Cardan shaft G8 to be rotatedreversely and return the steering wheels 62 back to the normal positionparallel to the bogie trame, so that as the bogie turns through a givenangle toward parallelism with the wheels, the wheels are simultaneouslyturned reversely, as above described, back toward parallelism with thebogie frame.

This is shown in position C, Fig. 6.

These movements are simultaneous and equal, so that whenthe steeringwheels are set at a given angle the bogie frame will assume a finalposition at about halt the angle that the wheels were set. Thus, adefinite rotation ot the hand wheel W" causes a definite turn ot bothbogies, as the steering wheels 62 and G3 are reversely set by therevolution of the mitre gear 66 causing a rotation of its axis in anopposite di rection to that in which it had been initially turned.

It will thus be seen that the front bogie swings toward the set given toits front wheels, while the rear bogie with its rear wheels are set tothe same angle as the front wheels and swings through the saine anglebut in a reverse direction, and the rear wheels 63 are simultaneouslybrought back to parallelism with the bogie frame 43 in the same manneras the front wheels of the front bogie.

These two bog-ies thus assume the position shown at C, Fig. 6.

In order to position the steering wheels for straight way travel. thesteering wheels are set in a reverse position to B, as shown at D, Fig.G.

This turns the bogie back into the position to become parallel with themain frame F7 and the automatic gear ensures that on the bogies againcoming into line with the main trame. the steering' wheels 62 and 63 arealso in line, that is a return to position Without this automatic actionbogie steering would be impossible, as the vehicle would not runstraight.

The driving power for the vehicle is applied to the rear wheels of thefront bogie and to the front wheels of the rear boge, as described in myaforesaid application.

It will be noted that the body fra-Ine F is supported by spiral springs29 in addition to springs 12. Springs 12 are between parts rigidlyconnected to the body frame F and parts carried by the bogies.

Since the main weight is borne by springs 12 and the spherical. seat 17prevents the tilt ot the bogie trom altering` the compression ot springs12, the tilt ot the bogie can only affect the main 'frame through thespiral springs 29 which have a much longer range.

This enables the bogie frame 43 to tilt in any direction by reason ofroad inequalities without much transference of these tilting movementsto the body frame.

The king-pin has universal movement about the ball 40, so that the tiltof the bogie will not affect the tractive load, and the vertical slide23 is to prevent the deadweight load from affecting the tractive load.

For maximum effect the centre ot bogie pin ball 40 is normally in linewith the driving axle. i

The spherical members 17 and 1S are substantially concentric with theball 10, and they transmit the dead-weight load but not the tractiveload.

The powerand the dead weight load being rectangular do not influence oneanother, as no vertical load can be transmittedto the king-pin head 4:0,as it is free to move vertically, and no tractive or horizontal torcecan be transmitted to the main springs 12 or to the tilting springs 29.lithout this the variation of tractive force would cause wear on thetires and mechanism, as well as require more average power..

The action oi the cross slide 48 is to prevent the turning of the bogiefrom giving a side thrust to the driving wheels. The driving wheels arethe pivoton which the bogie turns relative to the road, whilefthe bogiepin is the pivot on which the bogie turns relative to the main frame.

This is not new, .it is borrowed from railway practice.

The cross slide is only in operation during the transition from positionB to position C. Fig. 6, or the transition :trom D to A. While inposition A or position C, that is, running on the straight -or runningon a curve, the spring buffers 43D, which. may be oit rubber, alwaysbring the bogie trame central.

This is railway practice, it is to ensure that the difierentialot'curvature may be negotiated without shock; being an old com.- binationit is no part of the invention per se, but is an important part oi' thevehicle.

I claim- 1. In a bogie vehicle, means to turn the steering wheels of thebogie and means operated by the bogie trame as it slews under thedirection ot the wheels to reversely turn said wheels to parallelposition with the bogie ran'ie.

.ln bogic vehicles, a manually operated steering shaft, a differentialmitre gear mechanism actuated by said shaft, a Cardan shaft operated bysaid mechanism, steering wheels turned by said shait, and meansconnected to the bogie to actuate said mechanism te automaticallyreverse the direction oit rotation of the Cardan shaft and thereby bringthe steering wheels and the bogie parallel.

3. lfu a bogie vehicle, a bogie-supported body trame, a ditl'erentialmitre gear mechanisnr secured: to said body frame and capable of bedilyrotating witlrrespectf. to the bogiej ai manually;operated steering'shaft operatingiamitre gear oi said mechanism,

` asGardan shaft rotatedby another mitre gear oi' said: mechanism,steering' road wheels turned from. saidishatt", .means 'connecting thebugie andl the latten mitre gear.v to antomatically impart'h planetarymovement thereto to reversely rotate said Cardan shaftf and thereby'reversely' turn; said steering" wheels to :bring said wheelsandll'Jogie` `pa` yallel.

Ll. 'In a: bogie` vehicle, ai bogiessnpported body frame, a differentialmitre gear-'mechanisn'r secured tosaid trame and` capable ot' bodily.'rotating with respecty to the bogie, a manually-operated steering'.shaft' operatinga mitregear ofI saidmechanism, a Cardan. shaft@ rotatedby4 another mitre gear ot said' mechanisnn means to steery a pair otwheels ot the bog'ie by said shaft, neans between the bogic ande saidlatter gear to automatically imparti planetary movement thereto tofreversely rotate-'saidCardan sha'tt, and'azkingspin carried by'saidmechanisn'l, a cylinder on' the: bogie,A vertically slidable bearingIblocks therein, said king-pin mounted in andv having nniversal:v move-Lmentir in said` blocks.-l

5. The'combinationwith a bodyilrame ot a pair of bogiessupportingY saidtrams. a ditfjerentiall mitre gear mechanism'. on each bog'ie, amanually operated steering' gear connecting said. mechanism torsimultaneous=rnove1nents,. means connecting mitre gear: otfsaid'mechanism with its respective bogim. Cardan I shatts connected to said'gears andimeans to connect eaclivCardan shaft to a pair of wheels ot'its respective bog'ie for steer-ing:

G. In a bogievehicle, the combination with th'ebody: frame ots thevehicle andi a bogie having" at leasti two axlesyo't" bogie bodysprings'between the bogie andthe vehicle, a king' pin'.monntedibetweenthe axles, ditlierent'iali mitre gear steering.` mechanism abovesaid pin and concentric therewith, means on the-bogie tofreceive saidpin and having vertical movement, and springs between.- the bogiesteering mechanism and king' pin supportingl means whereby. the bogiemay tilt in any direction without transmittingl much ot said tiltingmovement to the body.

7. rlhe combination with a vehicle body trame, of a pair et' bon'icssupporting said frame, bogie body springs between the bogie and thevehicle, a dil'lferential. mitre gear mechanism oneach bogie betweenapair of axles tliereoi",` a mannally-operated steering' shaftconnecting said mechanisms for simultaneous movements?. means connectinga mitre gear ot' said. mechanisms with its respective bogie, Cardanshafts connected to said gears and to a pair ot steering wheels ot therespective bogries', a vehicle lingqiin tor each bogiecarried by thebody frame below the respective differential mechanisnn means on eachbogie to receive its pin.` and having,` vertical movement, and' springsbetween the hog-gie and 'trame whereby the bogie may tilt inanydirection without tilting,v said mechanism.

8. lna-bog'ie vehicle, a` dili'erential steering; gear mechanism, meansto connect one ot the gear-.wheels ot saidmcchanism to the steerinfcgvwheels ol the bogrie to set them upon rotary movement ot said gear wheehand means to connect the bogietrame and saidbogie to cause said bog'ietoimpart a revolving or planetary movement to said gear wheel.

9. ln'a bogie vehicle a` diti'erentialsteering gear mechanismcomprising'` three meshing' mitre manual means to operate and set one.ot said' gears tor. steering', means to set the bog'ie steering' wheelsby` the rotary movement' of the third n'iitre geen and meansbetwcenisaid third mitre gear and thebogie trame to impart revolvingmovement to said rear/by the boze'ic. as it moves under the inthicnce ot.its steering wheels.

ln testinmny that l claim the 'foregoing as my invcntiom l havcsigncd byname herctoV MUNTAGUE HERBERT CHURCHELLSHANN.

